The Hebrides Suite CD

the_hebrides_suite-gruen_127

The Hebrides Suite CD 6 Tracks (60′52)

Soundscape Series by Gruenrekorder
Germany / 2013 / Gruen 127 / LC 09488 / PRS / EAN: 4050486106921

How does history – past lives and past events- leave sonic traces and how can we hear them?

The Outer Hebrides form a 130-mile long archipelago about 40 miles off the north-west coast of Scotland. There are more than 200 islands but only a few are now inhabited. In the 2001 census the total population of the islands was 26,502. The best known of these islands are Barra (1078), Benbecula (1219), Berneray (136), North (1271), South Uist (1818) and Harris and Lewis (combined population 19,918). There has been an overall slow population decline in the islands over the last two hundred years, with peaks and troughs caused by economic and political fluctuations. In the 1840s poverty and famine lead to whole villages being evicted by landowners, often brutally, to make way for the higher profits of sheep farming. During these forced clearances many people took assisted passages to Canada and Australia and as far away as Patagonia and the Falkland Islands. In the twentieth and twenty first centuries much of the island lands are still owned by absentee landlords and the islanders‘ struggles for self determination and economic and political control have continued.

The Outer Hebrides are the most strongly coherent Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) speaking area in the world. Gaelic is a Celtic language related to Welsh, Cornish and Breton. In 2001, 61.1% of the population of the Outer Hebrides spoke Gaelic (compared with 1.2% in the whole of Scotland). A handful of Gaelic speakers can be found in the United States, Canada and Australia most of whom are descended from nineteenth century emigrants. There is a strong Gaelic culture.

Religion is also a significant factor in the life of the inhabitants of the islands. The southern islands of Benbecula, South Uist and Barra are predominantly Roman Catholic. In the northern islands, especially Harris and Lewis, the non-conformist Free Church of Scotland and the still more conservative Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland are very influential. There is a tradition of Sabbath observance and few shops or transport services are available on Sunday although this is increasingly contested.

The emigration still continues, particularly among the young, as the islands offer few employment opportunities. Most present day commercial activities concern tourism, including heritage tourism; crofting; fishing and fish farming and weaving including the manufacture of Harris tweed, a cloth that has been handwoven by the islanders in their homes using pure virgin wool that has been dyed and spun in the Outer Hebrides.

Each of the works in The Hebrides Suite uses a mixture of field recordings, interviews and oral history material from existing archives to explore aspects of island life past and present through the medium of composed sound.

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Credits and Thanks
Sound Archive, School of Scottish Studies, Edinburgh.
Photographic Archive, School of Scottish Studies, Edinburgh (particularly for photographs by Werner Kissling, Paul Strand and Gus Wylie).
The Scottish Collection at Edinburgh City Library.
The Scottish Life Archive, National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh.
Stornoway Museum, Stornoway, Lewis.
Communn Eachdradh, (Ness Heritage Centre) Ness, Lewis.
Taigh Chearsabhagh, Lochmaddy, North Uist.
Kildonan Museum, South Uist.
And to many fascinating publications old and new.

Thanks to:
Dr Cathlin Macaulay, Alison Brown, Mairi MacKenzie, Caitriona MacCuish, Catherine Campbell, Donald Macsween, John and Mary Maclean, Rev. Iver Martin and the congregation of the Free Church of Scotland, Stornoway, Rev C. I. Macleod and the congregation of the Free Church of Scotland, Back, Lewis, many unnamed helpers and informants and London College of Communication, University of the Arts London.
All photographs by Cathy Lane and Polly Bagnall

Artwork by FLATLAB and Polly Bagnall

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Selected Reviews  

“Happiness in the Homeland

[…] The Hebrides Suite (GRUENREKORDER GRUEN 127) from composer and sound artist Cathy Lane is head and shoulders above most average field recordings…she’s very good at editing and arranging her materials, not afraid to let things overlap…we don’t get a rush of information, but just the right amount of it, in order to reveal the truth of the place she’s trying to document. It’s almost like impressionist painting, done on tape. I think this is how she approaches most of her projects, and she always has a strong connection to the environment in question. This comes across very clearly on these Hebrides recordings; she says the “compositions…have grown out of a long standing love affair with the landscape and the people there.” Although the actual source material may seem mundane if we trot it out like a shopping list – wind, weather, rain, oceans, local wildlife, church bells, ferries, and people talking about their work as crofters or fishermen – the cumulative effect is very touching and deep, presenting a truly vivid and resonant documentary through these overlapping and fading sounds. What’s best of all is that it’s totally free from “editorialising”, which is what would happen if someone from the BBC ever got their hands on the project. The work is complemented by a booklet of full colour photos and notes from the artist. I’m beginning to think Gruenrekorder are currently presenting some of the best statements in the “genre” of field recording today.”

Ed Pinsent The Sound Projector AUGUST 31, 2014

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The Hebrides Suite CATHY LANE
(Gruenrekorder 2013)

Review by Cheryl Tipp

 ‘The Hebrides Suite’ is a multi-layered collection of composed works that reflect Cathy Lane’s ongoing fascination with the Outer Hebrides. A mixture of field recordings, audio diaries, conversations, interviews and oral histories drawn from archives across Scotland, these six pieces explore the history, traditions and ways of life of these ancient islands.

How does history – past lives and past events – leave sonic traces and how do we hear them?

Each piece is based around a particular theme pertinent to island life, be that weaving, local transportation, crofting or religion. All are complex patchworks of sound that have the power to take your breath away. Each one a fascinating vignette that encapsulates its subject in an engaging, imaginative and sophisticated manner. The multifaceted nature of these compositions creates an intensity that is almost tangible, demonstrating once again the power of sound to evoke a feeling or induce a reaction.

‘Tweed’ is a captivating interpretation of the weaving industry of the Outer Hebrides. The clatter and hum of machinery is embellished with disembodied voices that develop their own rhythms, akin to the lyrical nature of the looms used to produce this famous cloth.

The only piece not to feature any spoken word is ‘Gaoth (Wind)’. It’s a beautiful homage to the ever present wind and coming in at the middle of the CD, creates an effective natural break between the more intensive arrangements before and after.

‘Watch Over Us All’ is a sombre conclusion to the suite, acknowledging the central role religion still plays in the lives of the island inhabitants. Community is everything here and the church is at the heart of this. As the singing and the sermon gradually fade, the delicate song of a Skylark takes centre stage, pointing towards the rich biodiversity that exists here.

A huge amount of time, thought, emotion and effort has gone into ‘The Hebrides Suite’. Each work is wonderfully intricate, comprising snippets of recordings that must have been painstakingly researched, collected, analysed and brought together. It demands and deserves attention.

‘In 2006, I sat looking through the misty soft rain towards the ruined chimney and listened to a ship motoring into the sea loch below, almost right up to the whaling station, lifting lobster pots. A little further up the road is the spot where on two separate cycle tours from the south to the north of the Outer Hebrides I was defeated by a mixture of horizontal rain and a ferocious headwind and gratefully turned around and headed back towards Tarbert and the gentler south. On one of those journeys I remember the sound of a weaving loom from inside a shed as we passed it on the road.’
-Cathy Lane

The Field Reporter 362 (27.11.2014)

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Cathy Lane ~ The Hebrides Suite

The Hebrides SuiteForty miles off the coast of Scotland lie the Outer Hebrides, an archipelago of islands whose populace have seen some harsh times yet still endure.  Over the past three decades, Cathy Lane has enjoyed a love affair with the archipelago. The Hebrides Suite is her sonic love letter to the land and people.

As a mixture of field recordings and interviews, the album has the feel of a television show without the sound.  Soon one begins to realize that the images are conjured in the mind, and perhaps appreciates the old radio shows a bit better.  Those shows captured the imagination and inspired generations to picture their own images.  While it helps to have the physical edition (with beautiful, extensive liner notes), it’s fascinating to simply listen and to be awash in sounds.  Awash is the key word, as the ocean is never far from the foreground.  Sea salt runs through the residents’ veins.

transportThanks to air travel, the journey to the Hebrides is easier now than ever, but the traditional ferry still offers the most authentic experience.  Lane writes that “the sound of the announcements, the throb of the engine and the strain of ropes, the clang and scrape of the heavy metal ramp on the port as well as the culinary joys of a macaroni cheese pie are familiar to any traveler to the islands” (abbreviated).  These sounds are captured in brilliant stereo for the home listener.  Unfortunately, due to packaging challenges, no macaroni pie is included with the recording.

Less cheerful is the recounting of a historical eviction, as profits dictated the displacement of people in favor of sheep.  The event may have occurred in 1849, but it still stings.  Even a snatch of accordion recorded at a birthday party can’t undercut the sense of melancholy.  As words tumble in the tide, a dog barks, sheep bleat and metal gates crash.  The layered effect is disorienting, as if past, present and future were colliding in a wormhole.  Looped dialogue lends the collage a world-weary tone.  And more, and more, and more.  And yet the crofters and weavers display an intense pride in explaining their work.

ChurchAs fascinating as the dialogue samples may be, one longs to hear more of the Hebrides itself, and Lane accommodates this need in the second half of the recording.  “Gaoth (Wind)” is particularly effective, a study in the effects of wind in various locales from beach to pen.  In the liner notes, one learns about the local opposition to a wind farm (36 turbines were eventually installed, instead of 181), but the sound of the wind tells a better story.  In “Watch Over Us All”, Lane captures the sound of Sunday morning worship, but as she writes, “the skylarks singing above the ruined 13th century church get the last word”.  The suite ends with the Hebrides itself, reminding us that the islands existed before us and will likely outlast us as well.  (Richard Allen) A Closer Listen

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“With this album, released in the Soundscape Series by Gruenrekorder, Cathy Lane declares her longstanding love affair with the Outer Hebrides. She does so without simplifying phonography into the trope of the solitary wanderer, microphone in hand  staring at the might and magnitude of nature while remaining apart. To the contrary, while there is space in all 6 tracks to be alone with nature, this nature is not at a distance but inhabited and lived: raw and harsh rhythms of weather meet those of language and bodies to produce memories in the present, spun from the pulse of life, death and the struggle for survival. No more so than in Tweed, where the body of the listener is drawn into the rhythm of work and voices, and the textures of tweed are spun from the sound of their own manufacture. This track also featured in a recent crafts council exhibition that toured between Scotland and the South East of England, a context that amplified the connection between the rhythm of work and the rhythm of music largely lost in a post industrial society and abandoned in the cerebral processes of electroacoustic composition.  My favourite track, Where Once Were Whales, creates a powerful juncture between the actual location and its musical construction. Voices from the oral history archive and those recorded by Lane talk about fishing and seafood, narrating the place through lost traditions and current customs, while compositional strategies play and expand those voices as sounds into the acoustic environment. This composed soundscape represents not a geographical actuality but invites an individual imagination triggered by clicks, ticks and waves of water that reverberate with and through the words to share a rhythm and distort into the clatter of the sea. Lane’s precise digital processing of environmental sounds and voices does not overpower the recordings but shapes them beyond the phonographic field into a composition that is at once document and site of production: generating facts and music that invent rather than confirm their origin and discipline. The electronic manipulations respond to the recordings, garnering their tonalities and augmenting their rhythms, rather than embellishing them. The delicate reverberations and punctuations answer the material rather than the conventions of music and question the possibility to translate the original field by allowing us to hear the authenticity of her particular rendition.

Lane first visited the Hebrides in the late 70s, with this current album she leads the way towards a new relationship between field recording and electroacoustic composition, inadvertently critiquing the “just stick your microphone into the field” approach while also unpacking an electroacoustic vocabulary.”

Salome Voegelin in The Wire: Adventures in Modern Music, 361, March 2014 issue.

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“I know nada about this composer, but The Hebrides Suite gathers six pieces borne of her heavily pronounced love affair with The Outer Hebrides. Gathering a wide range of field recordings and spoken dialogue from these islands, Cathy Lane aims to evoke sonic traces left by their rich history. Considering the tools at work here, this might seem like a tough call but via a series of occasionally looped voices from locals recounting their personal stories, bleating sheep, rhythmic machine clanking, lapping waves, singing churchgoers, the sounds of nature, tempered engine rumbles, melodic traces and indiscernible fluttering and rasping sounds, everything falls together perfectly. At once sentimental and celebrating life as it presently stands on the islands, The Hebrides Suite, replete with the enchanting photos adorning both the cover and the booklet inside, pays perfect testament to the magic, wonder and beauty of them.

Highly accomplished, this makes for a very rewarding listen.” RJ in  Progress Report

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“The sound artist, composer, lecturer and researcher Cathy Lane, lives and works in London. She’s Professor of Sound Arts, University of Arts London and co-directs the Sounds Creative Arts Research Practice (CRiSAP).
Cathy Lane is interested in how sound relates to the past, our stories, the environment and our collective and individual memories. In this context, she wonders how history, past lives and past events leave traces of sound and how we hear them.
The press release states that ‚The Hebrides Suite‘ is an attempt to answer this question and is the culmination of three decades involved with the Outer Hebrides by Cathy Lane that form a 130-mile long archipelago and about 40 miles off the northwest coast of Scotland.
This album consists of six tracks of one hour approximately and starts with ‚Sea Shanty‘, a ferry ride to the Outer Hebrides where we can hear the engine noise, children, adults talking and announcements in English and Gaelic. ‚On the Machair‘ it can be appreciate people talking in Gaelic and English about the life system consisting of small farms which produce small amounts of food, fishing and animal husbandry, mainly sheep. Machair is a Gaelic word that means a vast plain formed of shell sand. Very few people lives in these places. ‘Tweed’ reflects the importance that sheep has been for this land. The Harris Tweed industry has developed traditional clothing that farmers do by hand and it can be listen to a woman weaving manually. ‚Gaoth (Wind)‘. The wind is ever present in the Outer Hebrides. There was a project to install windmills but it was rejected by the Scottish government. Nowadays every inhabited run their own wind turbines. On ‚Where Once Were Whales‘ certainly we can listen to the sea and deep into the island there are the last vestiges of the wailing industry. The main local fish catches are lobster, crab and shellfish that are sold to foreign markets. On ‚Watch Over Us All‘ it can be listen to locals walking in the streets of Stornoway to the Free Church of Scotland. It’s Sunday and almost everything is closed.
For the reviewer has been very interesting to know the life and wildlife of the Outer Hebrides – distant and mysterious land – through sound.”

Guillermo Escudero | Loop

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“A distinct and resonant collage of the Outer Hebrides, just off the Scottish mainland.

The sounds opening The Hebrides Suite are instantly familiar: the wind that wraps round my head like a sandpaper scarf, the metronomic warning beeps and electronic whirrs of ferry mechanism, the tinny and half-croaked tannoy announcement that cuts the ribbon on my overseas journey and verbally unravels the path ahead. Lane captures the very deliberate and considered nature of travelling by ferry – the vehicle itself is constantly emitting a symphony of siren and water collision, proclaiming the act of transport over and over again. It carries its own distinct acoustic flavour; a cold echo curls up in amongst the slanted metal panels and painted bolts and leaps back out into the cabin, cradling each word in a pocket of rust and salted air.

A couple of times a year my girlfriend and I trek from Bournemouth in Southern England to the Isle Of Mull in the Inner Hebrides, where her parents live in a gorgeous house just up from Tobermory high street. Like Cathy, our expedition concludes with a ferry trip from the Scottish port town of Oban. It’s a journey of stages: of distinct arrival and departure through various modes of public transport, with each phase accompanied further alterations of the existing landscape (slight drops in temperature, a notable increase in greenery). By the time we arrive on Mull we feel utterly disconnected from the reality from which we came; separated from home by a series of stops and rituals, like a boat forced to pass through a multitude of locks.

The echo of mainland interests and tradition doesn’t resound here. Lane generates rhythm and fluidity from interview clips in Gaelic and English, concerning land structure, natural process and vegetable growth; concerns that seem immune to erosion, as if time loops back in on itself each day. Meanwhile, a coarse surge of wind and seawater over sand laps up against the ears – a constant, respiratory soundtrack, into which a choir of sheep and the odd rumble of motor engine (a notably low frequency sound in a chorus that tends to hug the middle to upper ranges) become organically embedded.

One of my favourite sounds on the record is an old Hattersley loom that reprises throughout “Tweed” – a beautiful, hand-cranked cascade through which loose chains and metal cogs rattle and shake. Lane uses it as the basis to coax rhythm out of language; words are skipped and delayed into tiny gallops of Gaelic phoneme, mimicking an uneven machinery mechanism, overlapping with other conversational extracts that swirl and grind across eachother; the Hebrides becomes its own machine of circadian process, interlocking into a water-tight weave of rugged landscape and uneroded tradition.”

Jack Chuter | ATTN:Magazine 05 DEC 2013

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“We cross the Atlantic again but go north, to the Outer Hebrides, a remote ‘130 mile long archipelago of islands about 40 miles off the north-west coast of Scotland’. Gruenrekorder has the previous two as part of their field recordings series, this one is in the ‘soundscape series’, so I assume that the material is not presented ‘as is’, but is used to compose a piece of music with this, with repeating blocks of sounds, mixes of various bits together, but with the overall idea that we stay in one place and we know more of the place. Cathy Lane does that in six pieces, all around nine to twelve minutes and each is about a certain aspect of the Hebrides, the wind, the sheep/the mill, life on the islands and such like. Sometimes, such as in ‘Where Once Were Whales’, about fishing, we also hear voices, talking about their trade, even when it’s not always to understand what they are telling us, partly due to the dialect, partly due to the fact that the voices are layered. It perhaps adds to the mystique of the release? Unlike the other two, which are ‘merely’ audio travelogues, Lane actually composes with the material and makes some very strong compositions with it. Of the three releases, it’s also the one which has the most documentation, explaining in detail what each piece is about. I quite enjoyed all three of these releases, but it was the Cathy Lane release that I especially enjoyed for it’s more musical qualities. One to play again and again. (FdW)”

Frans de Waard | VITAL WEEKLY

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